Tuesday, May 8, 2012

The Road to Gaza


Delivered May 6, 2012 Video

The life of faith is a spiritual journey. This is a very well-known analogy; it is found in Dante’s Divine Comedy to Bunyan’s The Pilgrims Progress. I just finished reading an excellent book by a Franciscan named Richard Rohr entitled, “Falling Upwards: A Spirituality for the Two Halves of Life.” He talks about how spirituality in one’s later years is very different than one’s younger years. Throughout the book he refers to Homer’s Odyssey, using the journey of Odysseus as a metaphor for the spiritual life. It is making me want to go back and read the Odyssey again! The Bible is filled with journeys – physical journeys and spiritual journeys - Abraham’s journey to the Promised Land, and Jacob’s journeys eventually to Egypt, and Israel’s forty years of wandering toward the Land of Canaan. Last week in my sermon I interpreted the 23rd psalm as a spiritual journey; I entitled my message “The Shepherd’s Journey.”  The Gospel account of Jesus’ life is told in the context of traveling around Galilee and Judea with the turning point being when Jesus set his face to go to Jerusalem. Paul’s famous conversion on a trip to Syria on the Damascus Road was the start of a life of journeying.

Today we are going to look at a trip on the Road to Gaza in the Book of Acts. Gaza is in the news regularly because of the ongoing conflict between the Palestinians and Israelis. Gaza is an area in southwestern Palestine on the Mediterranean Sea. I visited the area year ago, including Gaza City, and saw a lot of the old Philistine sites. Gaza today appears to me to be one big refugee camp – overcrowded and steeped in poverty. It is no surprise to me that it has become the breeding ground for Islamic radicalism.  Today Gaza is a dead end – a large open air prison - penned in by the ocean and Egypt and the state of Israel. But in the first century it was a beautiful seaside area on the main road known as the Via Maris (the Way of the Sea), an ancient trade route that linked Mesopotamia with Africa. There were two major roads that went through the Holy Land. One was the Via Maris. The other was known as the King’s Highway which went from Mesopotamia through Jerusalem to the Red Sea.

The two men in our story were not on either of the main roads. They were on a side road. The opening verse of our passage says (in NRSV), Then an angel of the Lord said to Philip, "Get up and go toward the south to the road that goes down from Jerusalem to Gaza." This is a wilderness road. It was not a paved Roman road like the Via Maris. We would call it a dirt road, but not like one of our well maintained dirt roads. This was a wilderness road. Think of it as the Sandwich Notch Road on a bad day.

We all have our Sandwich Notch Road stories. Personally the first time I saw Sandwich was in 1981. We were on vacation from Illinois visiting  my parents in Wolfeboro. We had spent the day in the mountains and were taking what looked like a shortcut on the map from Campton to Sandwich on the way back to Wolfeboro. Jude and I am the boys were crowded into an old Oldsmobile station wagon, which scraped on the rocks as we slowly bounced along. It was getting late and half way through the notch we did not know if we were going to get out of the woods alive. That is a wilderness road. Our two men in our story were on a wilderness road.  The spiritual journey often travels wilderness roads. If you want a nice smooth superhighway, then I suggest you take the well-trampled paths of consumer style religion, which you can get on TV and in the megachurches and in the Christian bestsellers. But if you prefer the rustic and scenic routes, then the wilderness road is the way for you. These two men took the road less traveled.

I. One of the two men on that road was Philip. This is not the apostle Philip, but one of the seven men mentioned a couple of chapters earlier in the Book of Acts, who were chosen by the apostles as ministers to serve the church in Jerusalem. They are traditionally called the first deacons, but the word deacon simply means servant. Their first job in Acts 6 was to serve tables for the widows who did not have families to provide for them. They did hands-on serving of people’s physical needs. That is who Philip was. His road was a road of service. And it should be for us as well. American Christianity is too much of a consumer religion with churches marketing a spiritual product and vying with each other for market share. That is not what Christianity is about. The spiritual life is about service to people in the name of Christ. It is a road of service.
The spiritual journey may also be a road of persecution. That was certainly true in the days of Philip. Shortly after these seven men were chosen by the apostles as servant-ministers, a great persecution broke out in Jerusalem. The first martyr of the Christian church was Stephen, one of these seven men. The spiritual road can be dangerous. This is something that the present day American church does not know about, but it is the norm in much of the world. The TV Show 60 Minutes recently had segment on Christians in the Holy Land. It was so controversial that the Israeli ambassador called CBS to protest airing it. It short it said that Christians are persecuted in the Holy Land, and as a result are leaving in droves. They are persecuted not only by Muslims in Gaza and the West Bank, but also in Israel. They are being squeezed out of the Holy Land by adherents of the two majority religions – Islam and Judaism. If the present rate of Christian exodus from Israel and Palestine continues, there will be a day when there are no Christians in the land where Christianity was born. And the Christians in the Holy Land have it easy compared to other Middle Eastern countries. Decision Magazine’s April issue was on Radical Islam’s Global War on Christians. The lead story was entitled “Arab Spring, Christian Winter,” reporting how the changes in government in many Arab countries in 2010-11 have been disastrous for the Christian communities in those lands. We are seeing severe increased persecution of the church in Arab lands.

It was hard for the earliest Christians in Jerusalem. But you know what they did? They turned it into an opportunity. They had to flee Jerusalem because of the persecution, but they used it as an opportunity to spread the gospel to other places. Acts 8:4 says that in response to the Great Persecution, “Therefore those who were scattered went everywhere preaching the word.” Philip was one of those who went. It is a wonderful example of how we are to approach hardships in life. When bad things happen, we can whine and complain, get depressed and act like victims and feel sorry for ourselves, or we can see it was an opportunity. Philip saw persecution as an opportunity. He went first to Samaria (we are told in chapter 8), and then God called him to take a trip to Gaza.

Our story says that an angel told Philip to take the wilderness road to Gaza. That was it; no other explanation. Philip responded with obedience. The spiritual path is a road of obedience. That is another thing Americans do not like. We don’t like to be told what to do. Kids don’t like it when their parents tell them what to do. We do not like it when the government tells us what to do. These days even employees don’t like it when an employer tells them what to do. This attitude carries over into our spirituality. We chaff under authority – even God’s authority. We are a rebellious people. We always have been, as illustrated in the story of Adam and Eve. They did not like God telling them they could not eat of that one tree. All the other trees in Eden they could eat from, but not that one. Therefore that was the one they wanted. That is our problem. But when God told Philip to go to Gaza, he obeyed. He didn’t know why he was going to Gaza, but our text says simply, “He arose and went.”

There on the Road to Gaza his path intersected with another man’s path. Our story says, “ And behold, a man of Ethiopia, a eunuch of great authority under Candace the queen of the Ethiopians, who had charge of all her treasury, and had come to Jerusalem to worship, 28 was returning. And sitting in his chariot, he was reading Isaiah the prophet. 29 Then the Spirit said to Philip, “Go near and overtake this chariot.” Philip’s path intersected with that of the Ethiopian.  That the nature of the spiritual life. Our path intersects with others paths, and that is where ministry takes place. A lot of people think that churches are about programs. That we have to have this program or that program, spend money and hire people, and buy materials. And that is fine to do, but the most important ministry happens when our everyday lives intersect with other people’s lives. And we minister spontaneously in those settings. Philip was on a trip to Gaza and ran into an Ethiopian on the same road and they entered into a conversation.

II. Let’s look at the Ethiopian now, the other man on this Road to Gaza. Who was he? Scripture tells us here that he was “a eunuch of great authority under Candace the queen of the Ethiopians, who had charge of all her treasury, and had come to Jerusalem to worship, [and] was returning.” Many Bible commentators describe him as a Gentile, and his conversion here is the beginning of Christianity spreading to non-Jews. My NKJV Study Bible that I use takes this approach; that is why you can’t always believe the notes in your study Bibles.

This man was probably an Ethiopian Jew. There is a long history of Jews in Ethiopia. The black Jewish community in Ethiopia today traces its roots back thousands of years to King Solomon. Their tradition says that when the Queen of Sheba (the ancient name for Ethiopia) visited King Solomon in Jerusalem that he seduced her, and that she was expecting a child when she returned to her homeland. Her son Menelik I became the first emperor of Ethiopia.  Ethiopian Jews even say that when Jerusalem was endangered that the ark of the covenant was brought to Ethiopia and is still in one of their temples. Ethiopian Jews were in the news in the 1980’s and 1990’s when large groups tried to immigrate to Israel under the Israeli right of return, which guarantees Jews the right of Israeli citizenship. There was controversy about whether these Africans were really Jews. It was decided they were, and the Israeli government organized mass airlifts to bring them to Israel. That controversy is in the news again now as more Ethiopian Jews want to come to Israeli to escape Islamic persecution.

I think this Ethiopian in our story is a Jew. It says that he was making a pilgrimage to Jerusalem to worship. A few Gentiles worshipped the God of Israel, but it was mostly Jews. But this man could not have participated fully in temple worship because eunuchs were not allowed into the Court of Israel, so he was marginalized by his religion. Furthermore it says that he was reading the book of Isaiah in his chariot. This scroll was written in Hebrew, but only Jews could have read. That is why I think this man was an Ethiopian Jew. He was rich and powerful. We know he was rich because he had a copy of a scroll of the prophet Isaiah, which at the time was so expensive that only synagogues owned scrolls, not private citizens. He probably had purchased this scroll while in Jerusalem, perhaps even for his Jewish community back home. He was powerful because he was the Secretary of the Treasury of Ethiopia. He was a high-ranking government official in charge of all the Queen’s money.

And here comes Philip who runs up to the chariot and engages him in conversation. Verse 30  So Philip ran to him, and heard him reading the prophet Isaiah, and said, “Do you understand what you are reading?” We should picture the chariot as stopped. Philips was not trying to catch up to a running horse pulling a chariot. We know that because the Ethiopian  was reading. He could not have read a scroll while on a chariot riding on a wilderness road. Even if he could Philip could not have overheard what he was saying. This man is taking a break at a rest area under a tree, and he got out his new scroll of Isaiah which he just purchased and was reading it out loud, the way books were always read back then. Philip heard him reading and recognized it as the Book of Isaiah – another clear indication that he was reading in Hebrew. Philip asked the man if he understood what he was reading. Verse 31 says, “And he said, “How can I, unless someone guides me?” And he asked Philip to come up and sit with him.” Then Phillip explained the scripture he was reading, that it was a prophecy about Jesus the Messiah.  Actually it says (NRSV), “35 Then Philip began to speak, and starting with this scripture, he proclaimed to him the good news about Jesus.”

 This scene tells us about the importance of scripture. It also tells us that it is not easy to understand scripture, and that it helps to have someone to guide us in interpreting and understanding the Bible. I think that is part of the pastor’s role as preacher and teacher. But it is important for each of us to know enough about Scripture  so if we find ourselves in the same situation as Philip someday, and someone asks us a question about the Bible, we don’t have to say, “Wait a minute. I don’t know enough. Let me get the preacher to answer your questions.”  What if Philip had said to the Ethiopian, “Sorry, I am only a deacon. Let me get the apostle Peter to answer your questions.” That won’t cut it. It is important for us to have read enough of scripture, so that if a conversation turns to spiritual matters that we can say something knowledgeable. We don’t have to be expert Biblical scholars with all the answers. Philip was not a rabbi, a scribe, a priest, or an apostle; but he had obviously read the Scriptures enough to talk intelligently about the prophet Isaiah and other relevant passages that pointed to Jesus.

Their conversation obviously went on for some time. They began traveling again as they talked – the Ethiopian giving Philip a lift to Gaza. Eventually the Ethiopian decided he wanted to be baptized. “ 36 Now as they went down the road, they came to some water. And the eunuch said, “See, here is water. What hinders me from being baptized?” 37 Then Philip said, “If you believe with all your heart, you may.” And he answered and said, “I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.”  Philip immediately baptized him right that at that roadside rest stop. No membership classes, no meeting with the deacons. They just stopped at an oasis in the wilderness with a river or brook, and Philip baptized him. “38 So he commanded the chariot to stand still. And both Philip and the eunuch went down into the water, and he baptized him.”  And then they parted ways never to see each other again “the eunuch saw him no more.” They were strangers taking the same road to Gaza. For the Ethiopian it was the beginning of another journey, a spiritual journey. It says “and he went on his way rejoicing.” The ancient church historian Eusebius says that this man spread the gospel in his own country and founded the Ethiopian church. All because two paths crossed one day on the Road to Gaza. May our paths likewise cross those who are on a spiritual search, and when it happens may we have something to say.


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